What Is Reformed Theology? - Understanding the Basics

I just recently finished “What is Reformed Theology: Understanding the Basics” by R.C. Sproul. I don’t know much about Reformed Theology because I’m a Wesleyan pastor, but I often get questions from my students, wondering what the difference in other denominations is so I wanted to learn. Overall I believe this to be a well written book. From a theology standpoint I understood what the book was communicating. It did outline the basics. However, I was slightly disappointed with its presentation. The back of the book calls it “an accessible introduction” and claims to address some cultural misconceptions. I didn’t find the book to be accessible to the average person. It was very theological and contained little application or stories to illustrate point which made it a hard book to come back to. I also thought it could use a conclusion chapter to draw the five points of Calvinism together and I address some of the misconceptions from culture. I’m giving this book a 3 out of 5 stars, because it is well written, but I don’t think it brings the answers to all the questions it claims to address.

What is Reformed Theology? I get asked this question a lot and for good reason. Most of those who asked simply want a short summary; a sort of one-liner to better understand what differentiates the Reformed expression of Christianity from others. Unfortunately, such a concise definition doesn't exist, and for good reasons-- Reformed Theology is not exactly monolithic and not every Reformed Christian believes the exact same thing on every point. However, while we may not have a concise definition at our disposal there are a handful of beliefs which characterize Reformed theology. Thanks to R.C. Sproul, we now have an excellent (and concise) book which should satisfy most people who are new to reformed theology. R.C. Sproul is a wonderful theologian and a very precise thinker. Nowhere is he more precise than in his use of language and this holds true throughout What is Reformed Theology? If this sounds intimidating don't worry... Sproul includes a handy thesaurus at the end of the book to define the foreign terms (predominately Latin but also German and Greek). That said, I have read a few reviews of this book which bemoan the fact that Sproul does not define English theological terms and this does appear to be the case in a few instances. If you find yourself struggling to understand his theological vocabulary, feel free to email me my via the contact link and I'd be happy to help explain what he is saying. I remember being new to theology myself and am grateful for those who patiently endured all my questions.

What is Reformed Theology is a wonderful resource which captures the basic tenants of Reformed doctrine in an accessible manner. This book is (by necessity) a broad overview of Reformed theology rather than a detailed exposition of the Confession; and that is a good thing. By presenting the doctrine in broad strokes, Sproul is able to capture the essence of Reformed theology without excluding any of the various expressions found within the Reformed camp. There was a point in my life when this would have annoyed me because I thought that Reformed tradition that I held to was the only one that could truly be called Reformed. However, the more that I have come to know Reformed Christians from differing traditions the more I have come to realize that their perspective thoroughly orthodox and, while I don't embrace it, I believe that they are simply doing the best with what God has revealed to them. I put myself in this category as well. I am simply dong the best with the evidence I see before me and while I am convinced that I am right in my beliefs (obviously... or I wouldn't believe it!) I am also convinced that I could be wrong. For this reason I applaud the simplicity and broad approach taken by Sproul. His exposition of the Reformed tradition is narrow enough to accurately define it, while not so narrow as to exclude those who are from various Reformed backgrounds.

The book is structured in such a way as to first define the key elements which set Reformed theology apart from Roman Catholic theology. It focuses on the key ideas born out of the Protestant Reformation and then moves on to further define Reformed theology in light of the Doctrines of Grace and Covenant theology. The former differentiates Reformed theology from Roman Catholicism and the latter differentiates it from other Protestant theologies such as Wesleyianism, Arminianism, and Dispensationalism.

This is a book that would make a wonderful addition to the library of anyone who desires to understand what we Reformed people believe. The book can, with some extra vocabulary research , be understood and studied by high school aged children and would be great for college age adults and older. This is a must for church libraries.

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Disclosure of Material Connection: I received this book free from Baker Books in exchange for an online review. I was not required to write a positive review. The opinions I have expressed are my own. I am disclosing this in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission’s 16 CFR, Part 255: “Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials in Advertising.”

What is Reformed Theology? is a classic work by R.C. Sproul, reprinted with a simple but attractive new cover by Baker Books. Sproul wrote this work in 1997 and there really isn't a need for a new edition of it. The Scriptures have not changed. The arguments for and against have not changed.

Sproul develops the work around two ideas. The first half of the book is laying the theological groundwork upon which the interpretational grid called Reformed Theology stands. This is a commitment to basing understanding theology on the basis of Scripture alone and a commitment to salvation by faith alone. These were the two most important arguments of the Protestant Reformation and therefore they must provide the framework for any understanding of Reformed Theology which emerged so forcefully from that crucible.

Having established those points, Sproul continues with his characteristic clarity to work through the five "doctrines of grace," commonly referred to as the TULIP. This acronym was coined in the 20th century but it stands for five foundational arguments in a Reformed understanding of salvation: [T]otal depravity, [U]nconditional election, [L]imited atonement, [I]rresistible grace, and [P]erseverance of the saints Sproul devotes a chapter to each of these and explains why the traditional titles are often misleading. For example, he suggests that instead of "Total depravity," he suggests the term "radical corruption" which more accurately describes the doctrine. Throughout the book, Sproul writes for the typical church goer. While seminary students will appreciate the work, it is meant to be consumed by anybody.

I appreciated this book greatly, but I do have some complaints. First, a very common criticism of Reformed Theology is that limited atonement and irresistible grace are logically necessary concepts, but they have little to no Biblical support. Unfortunately, Sproul does nothing to ameliorate these concerns, as these chapters are very light on scripture and heavy on logic. That's not because of a lack of Scriptural support, however ... it's a choice of how Sproul chose to frame the discussion. For a deep discussion of the Scriptural basis of these articles, I suggest Matthew Barrett, Salvation by Grace: The Case for Effectual Calling and Regeneration (Phillipsburg: P&R, 2013).

My second complaint about this work is that Sproul equates Reformed Theology with Covenant Theology (chapter 5). This really is not fair given the overall trajectory of the book. What is Reformed Theology? aims to really answer the question "What are the doctrines of grace?" and Sproul answers that well. But while Tom Schreiner and John MacArthur would both heartily agree with Sproul on the doctrines of grace, they would not agree that this obligates them to agree with Covenant Theology. (Schreiner advocates New Covenant Theology while MacArthur is Dispensational.) Sproul's work also does not delineate all that Covenant Theology implies; for a fuller discussion of that I recommend Going Beyond the Five Points: Pursuing a More Comprehensive Reformation, edited by Ventura (CreateSpace, 2015).

Overall, this is a solid book and well worth the time of Christians to read. If you are already convinced of the truth of the doctrines of grace, this will help you to be able to explain them more clearly. If you are opposed to the doctrines, you will have a better understanding of what exactly those bloody Calvinists are claiming. And if you're on the fence, this lays out very clearly why so many see and embrace the doctrines of grace in the Bible.

I received a complimentary copy of this work from Baker Books in exchange for an honest review of it.

The current book is a reissue, having been originally published in 1997. It remains a good introduction to and review of reformed theology, especially for those not familiar with reformed Christianity.

Sproul begins by explaining the ways to study theology and the various ways to obtain knowledge about God. He explores the foundations of reformed theology. It is centered on God. He explains that how we understand God affects our understanding of everything else. “Reformed theology applies the doctrine of God relentlessly to all other doctrines, making it the chief control factor in all theology.” (31)

Reformed theology is based on God's Word alone. Sproul helps readers understand the various ways God reveals Himself. The Reformers had a high view of the Bible's inspiration and were assured of its infallability, inerrancy and authority. With the same attention to detail, Sproul explores the remaining foundations. That includes justification by faith alone, the person, work, and offices of Christ, and the importance of covenants.

Sproul then takes readers through the five points of reformed theology: humanity's radical corruption, God's sovereign choice, Christ's purposeful atonement, the Spirit's effective call, and God's preservation of the saints.

Sproul does an excellent job of showing how reformed theology is cohesive and firmly rooted in Scripture. With many contemporary theologians straying from long accepted doctrines, it is good to be reminded of doctrine firmly centered in the Bible. He explains the doctrines of reformed theology in an understandable way, even the hard to accept ones like predestination and “limited atonement.” He also clarifies the difference between orthodox Calvinism and hyper-Calvinism.

I highly recommend this book to those who want to understand reformed theology. It is an excellent introduction to the theology. Readers will see how the theology is evangelical, is consistent in logic, and is firmly rooted in Scripture.

I received a complimentary copy of this book from the publisher for the purpose of an independent and honest review.

R.C. Sproul, What is Reformed Theology? Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 2016

What is Reformed Theology? originally appeared in 1997. This updated volume has a new cover and new contemporary format. The content, however, remains the same as Dr. Sproul guides readers through the wonders of Reformed Theology.

Part One: Foundations of Reformed Theology

The first half of the book helps readers understand the necessary backdrop of Reformed theology. Of primary importance is its devotion to God. Sproul writes, “Reformed theology is first and foremost theocentric rather than anthropocentric … Reformed theology takes sin seriously because it takes God seriously and because it takes people seriously. Sin offends God and violates human beings. Both of these are serious matters.” The author clarifies that Reformed theology is devoted to more than merely five points. Indeed, Reformed theology is catholic (it embraces the great ecumenical councils and doctrines of church history) and evangelical.

Reformed theology is based on God’s Word alone. The commitment to the sola Scriptura principle is a fundamental aspect of Reformed thought. Therefore, the crucial doctrines of the infallibility, inspiration, authority, and inerrancy of Scripture are at the core of Reformed theology.

Reformed theology embraces the sola fide principle. We agree with Luther who famously said that justification by faith is “the article upon which the church stands or falls.” As such, we repudiate the Roman Catholic doctrine of justification which involves both faith and works.

Finally, the author includes a helpful overview of covenant theology which involves the covenant of redemption, covenant of works, and the covenant of grace.

Part Two: Five Points of Reformed Theology

Part two contains a basic overview of what is traditionally referred to as the five points of Calvinism. Each chapter summarizes the critical elements of the five points, including total depravity, unconditional election, limited atonement, irresistible grace, and perseverance of the saints.

Sproul writes clearly and forcefully. His arguments are biblical and logical and compel readers to embrace these historic biblical doctrines. What is Reformed Theology? is probably the best introduction to the doctrines of grace in print. Other resources include The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination by Lorraine Boettner, The Joy Project by Tony Reinke, The Doctrines of Grace by James Boice, The Five Points of Calvinism by Edwin H. Palmer, and The Potters Freedom by James Boice.

Highly recommended!

I received this book free from the publisher. I was not required to write a positive review.

A couple of years ago, I heard a visiting speaker at our church say that our pastor was fighting against a “tide of reformed theology” that was rising in our churches. I puzzled over that statement a lot because I realized that I didn’t even know what reformed theology was! Although I have vaguely heard phrases such as “the 5 solas” or “TULIP,” I have never been really sure what the big deal was, but I have been very curious. So, when I received an opportunity to review a new edition of R.C. Sproul’s classic What is Reformed Theology? Understanding the Basics, I jumped at the opportunity to understand reformed theology just a little better.

This is book is written by R.C. Sproul to clear up some misconceptions. Apparently, there are many people like me who have heard buzz words and phrases (in either a negative or positive way), but have never had a true understanding of that they mean. So, in this book, Sprout walks through the foundations of Reformed doctrine. In the first half of the book, he explains how Reformed belief is centered on God’s, based on God’s word, and committed to faith in Jesus Christ. Then, in the second half, Sprout explains the five points of Reformed theology that I had come to know as TULIP.

The writing in this book is clear. It is informative. His arguments and descriptions are based in scripture. He appeals to church fathers and historical theologians in his discussions. It is really a delightful book to read. I have not been won over to reformed theology, and I do have areas of disagreement with Sproul. However, that does not change the fact that this is a good well-reasoned book, and a great explanation of what Reformed theology is all about. I also found myself (as a Christian) reassured that the reformed theologians and I are not so far apart that there are not many areas in which we agree. If you’re looking for a book to explain reformed theology, this is one that I highly recommend.

Disclaimer: I received a complimentary copy of this book from the publisher in exchange for an honest review.

This book was my first real exposure to Reformed/Calvinist doctrine, after 30+ years attending Evangelical churches that taught alternative positions on some of the Protestant doctrines. This book was an excellent choice. The doctrines are presented clearly, along with the major alternative positions. Dr. Sproul explains why he believes the Reformed position is the correct position and provides scripture to support his views. The first part of the book includes some history of the Reformation, which by necessity includes explanations of the differences between Catholic and Protestant beliefs. Some of that is fairly technical and could be confusing to anyone not already familiar with those things, but the glossary at the end can help with that. The second part of the book covers TULIP in depth and is excellent.

This repackaged version of Sproul's 1997 classic What is Reformed Theology? is, in Sproul's own words, "a shorthand introduction to the crystallized essence of Reformation Theology."

Much of what Sproul refers to as foundations of reformed theology might better be understood as the theology of the reformers—namely that it is centered on God, based on God's Word alone, committed to faith alone, etc. After all, these tenets are also true of other theological systems outside of Reformed Theology.

The five points of Reformed Theology also reflect what is commonly called Calvinism. The weakness of the one point called "limited atonement" is found in the interpretation of first 1 John 2:1–2: "We have an Advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous; and He Himself is the propitiation for our sins; and not for ours only, but also for those of the whole world." Sproul says that the “our" refers to Jewish Christians and not all Christians—a view the context does not necessarily support. It would have been great to see more explanation of this essential view.

Although What is Reformed Theology? gives an excellent summary of the basic tenets of Covenant Theology, it doesn’t offer a significant defense of Covenant Theology’s distinctives, as opposed to Dispensationalism. That’s fine, since a defense isn’t a purpose of the book. Still, I had hoped to read Sproul’s defense of passages that significantly contradict Reformed Theology’s view of eschatology and atonement.

"Understanding the Basics"

"What do the "five points" of Calvinism really mean?
Perhaps you've heard of Reformed theology, but you're not certain what it is. Some references to it have been positive, some negative. It appears to be important, and you'd like to know more about it. But you want a full, understandable explanation, not a simplistic one.

What Is Reformed Theology? is an accessible introduction to beliefs that have been immensely influential in the evangelical church. In this insightful book, R. C. Sproul walks you through the foundations of the Reformed Doctrine and explain how the Reformed belief is centered on God, based on God's Word, and committed to faith in Jesus Christ. Sproul explains the five points of Reformed theology and makes plain the reality of God's amazing grace." (From the Baker Books Website).

About the Author: Dr. R. C. Sproul is the author of more than sixty books, the founder and chairman of Ligonier Ministries, and a professor of systematic theology and apologetics at Know Theological Seminary in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

My Thoughts About the Book: I would refer to this book as a Christian layman's primer as to what Reformed Theology is and what it isn't. In his well-written and easy to read and understand book, Dr Sproul clearly explains what the "Foundations of Reformed Theology or "Covenant Theology" (as it is some times called) are, and "What The Five Points of Reformed Theology are. And the five points are Total Depravity, Unconditional Election, Limited Atonement, Irresistible Grace, and Perseverance of the Saints - sometimes referred to as TULIP. In his book Dr. Sproul relies heavily on the Word of God as well as the writings of Reformed Theologians such as John Calvin, "the father of Calvinism," Martin Luther, J. I. Packer and others to educate us as to just what the Reformed Theology is. And throughout the book there are many helpful illustrations as well to aid us so that we can gain a greater understanding of the Theology.

When it comes to matters of religion and philosophy many high-minded, over educated men try to make it out to be something more difficult to understand than it need be - like it were rocket science or something. But Dr. Sproul, who is very highly educated and would be considered by many to be one of the world's foremost scholars when it comes to the Word of God and Theology, stays to a plain and simple course of explaining Reformed Theology so ordinary people like me can get it. And because of this book I can say I got it...and you can too if you are confused about Reformed Theology. So, if you are new to the faith and the theological scene, or are growing in your faith as a young believer or are a seasoned member of the household of faith there is something to be learned by all in this book about Reformed Theology.

Calvinism is making a comeback across the Christian landscape. There has been a resurgence of Calvinistic publications, as well as the emergence of large conferences like Together for the Gospel comprised of flagship Calvinist speakers with thousands in attendance.

Calvinism belongs to larger system of theology known as Reformed Theology. R.C. Sproul, founder and chairman of Ligonier Ministries, is especially qualified to write an introductory volume to reformed theology.

The book is made up of ten chapters and is arranged as following:

Part 1: Foundations of Reformed Theology
1. Centered on God
2. Based on God's Word Alone
3. Committed to Faith Alone
4. Devoted to the Prophet, Priest, and King
5. Nicknamed Covenant Theology

Part Two: Five Points of Reformed Theology
6. Humanity's Radical Corruption
7. God's Sovereign Choice
8. Christ's Purposeful Atonement
9. The Spirit's Effective Call
10. God's Preservation of the Saints

The book is arranged in two main sections. The first section deals with foundations of Reformed Theology, the second the five points of Reformed Theology. For theological novices, Sproul's introduction is especially helpful as he surveys the broad field of theology. Here, he moves past natural theology to the Scriptures, then to theology. In chapter one, Sproul narrows the discussion to Reformed Theology. The remaining chapters describe what Reformed Theology is centered on. These chapters are especially helpful in getting a broad understanding of what Reformed Theology is. Sproul moves past the foundational elements before proceeding to the Five Points of Calvinism in section two.

While I found much material familiar, the reading itself did not drag. Sproul's writing style is clear and compelling. He does well bringing theological concepts down to the layman's level.

One question I've been contemplating lately, is what is my theological heritage? Being a Classical Arminian I disagree with the three middle points of Calvinism's TULIP: Unconditional Election, Limited Atonement, and Irresistible grace.Those disagreements however do not, in my opinion disqualify me from being under the broad umbrella of Reformed Theology. I would consider Arminian Theology to be a subset of Reformed Theology, as Arminian Theology is essentially reformed, Reformed Theology. Sproul's book helped me reach this conclusion as I disagreed with very little of section one, the foundations of Reformed Theology. R.C. Sproul's goal was to write a clear, simple introduction to Reformed Theology. He has succeed.What is Reformed Theology? is an excellent introductory volume to Reformed Theology!

Disclosure: I received this book free from Baker Books through the Baker Books Bloggers [...] program. The opinions I have expressed are my own, and I was not required to write a positive review. I am disclosing this in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission’s 16 CFR, Part 255 [...]

"What is Reformed Theology?" by R.C. Sproul is about understanding the basics of reformed theology. Even though this book says it is about understanding the basics but it is really in depth not a milk type book at all. This was very meaty book with quotes and history from past reformers also with a lot of scripture. My favorite section was on understanding faith alone. Not only does it explain reformed theology but it also it breaks down and explains the acronym TULIP. Well wrote book that makes some hard things in theology easier to understand.

I was given this book from Baker Books for free and was not required to give a positive review.

Honestly, I can't remember where I got this book. I didn't even really plan on reading the whole thing when I got it. I looked at the table of contents and thought that the chapter on "Covenant theology" would be helpful as I have been learning how the role of covenants have played into God's relationship with humankind. The first three pages caught my attention with a story that the author told about visiting a Christian college in the Midwest. He made a distinction between the study of "religion" and the study of "theology" and why it was important. I kept reading and am glad I did. This book is simple to understand, yet deep in truth. I stopped highlighting because there were two many succinct, profound statements here.

Many people would begin an explanation of Reformed Theology with TULIP. However, Sproul used the first half of the book to build a foundation of Reformed doctrine. It begins with, and is centered on, God. Next, we build on that with God's Word and the third stone is that it is committed to faith alone. The next two concepts begin to differentiate Reformed doctrine from others: It is built on the offices of prophet, priest, and king, and the covenants of the Bible. These make complete sense to me which is why the TULIP becomes a logical conclusion. However, he adjusts the acrostic, TULIP, to help explain it better. And his explanation was extremely helpful.

All of the five points of Reformed theology rest on the "T" of TULIP: Total depravity. However, Sproul's definitions make much more sense because we know that no one is as bad as they could be. Therefore, the distinction of man's sinfulness (aka corruption) is not in degree, but in extent. The five points are then better understood as 1) Humanity's radical corruption, 2) God's sovereign choice, 3) Christ's purposeful atonement, 4) The Spirit's effective call, and 5) God's preservation of the saints.

The subtitle of this book is "Understanding the basics." I completely agree and wholeheartedly recommend this book to anyone interesting in the study of God.

Growing up in a Baptist church, I knew very little about Reformed theology. When I started attending a "Reformed" church my only concern was how dogmatically they might teach Calvinism- which in my mind had something to do with TULIP and God forcing people to believe in Him. I have no doubt that many others have seen Reformed theology in a similar light. In What is Reformed Theology? Dr. R.C. Sproul attempts to distill the doctrines of the reformers into a simple and accessible format, and correct many of the misunderstandings many of us have had of it.

Dr. Sproul begins in the introduction affirming that what is being discussed is not a Reformed religion, but more appropriately Reformed theology. It is "not merely a religion without theology. It is driven first and foremost by its understanding of the character of God." (20)

The book is divided into two parts. The first consists of five chapters on the foundations of Reformed theology- 1) Centered on God 2) Based on God's Word Alone 3) Committed to Faith Alone 4) Devoted to Prophet, Priest, and King 5) Nicknamed Covenant Theology.

Part two is Dr. Sproul's explanation of what is commonly known as TULIP- 6) Humanity's Radical Corruption 7) God's Sovereign Choice 8) Christ's Purposeful Atonement 9) The Spirit's Effective Call 10) God's Preservation of the Saints.

Throughout the book Dr. Sproul draws Reformed theology up against Roman Catholicism and Pelagius, periodically against Dispensationalism, and at a couple of points against Lutheranism. This is often helpful in order to more fully understand the Reformed position, but I suspect at some points the opposing views are short changed and dismissed without a fair hearing.

This is not a book defending Reformed theology. Anyone who reads this hoping that it is will be rather disappointed. It is more accurately a description of Reformed theology. The Westminster Confession and Reformed thinkers are cited almost as much, if not as much, as the Bible. Many points of Reformed theology that are described are not argued for, though he does take up arguments for and/or against a few doctrines.

As a descriptive work it's fairly well done. However, I'm afraid there is a limited audience who will appreciate this book. Those educated and trained in theology will likely find the book simplistic. Those who aren't may find it hard to follow. Dr. Sproul goes into some great explanations of terms like justification, but in the process he uses other terms that he doesn't even bother to define. There is a glossary, however it only contains foreign (Latin and Greek) words that he uses. A more substantive glossary would have been very helpful for this book.

For me, and I suspect others from similar backgrounds, What is Reformed Theology? is helpful in bringing to bear the big picture of Reformed theology, as well as the history of the doctrines. R.C. Sproul is enjoyable and informative, as he usually is. I recommend this book to anyone seeking to understand Reformed theology, though, they will likely need to look elsewhere to be persuaded of it if they're not already.

Reformed theology seems to be making a comeback among prominent church leaders. At least, you see more pastors and writers claiming to be reformed. Since I had an inadequate understanding of Reformed theology, I welcomed the chance to read and review R. C. Sproul’s book, What is Reformed Theology: Understanding the Basics. The book was originally published in 1997 and was repacked and rereleased this year.

Sproul divides the book into two parts. In the first section, he lays out the five foundational principles of Reformed theology. In the second section, he explains the five points of Reformed theology. As he explains in the introduction, the book is not intended to be
a textbook on systematic theology, nor a detailed, exposition of each and every article of Reformation doctrine. It is, instead, a compendium, a shorthand introduction to the crystalized essence of Reformation theology.

The first foundational principle is that Reformed theology is centered on God. “Reformed theology is first and foremost theocentric rather than anthropocentric. That is, it is God-centered rather than man-centered.” Secondly, it is based on God’s Word alone. This is the “sola Scriptura” of the Reformation. Third, Reformed theology is committed to faith alone, the “sola fide” or justification by faith alone, of the Reformation. Fourth, Reformed theology is devoted to Jesus Christ as prophet, priest, and king. The final foundational principle of Reformed theology is that it is centered on three covenants. This is where it gets the nickname of Covenant Theology.

Part two covers the five points of Reformed theology, also known as the five points of Calvinism. (1) Total depravity—Humanity’s radical corruption; (2) Unconditional election—God’s sovereign choice; (3) Limited atonement—Christ’s purposeful atonement; (4) Irresistible grace—The Spirit’s effectual call; and (5) Perseverance of the saints—God’s preservation of the saints.

I found the book to be well written and easy to understand. While I appreciated the author’s presentation and learned much about Reformed theology, I wasn’t persuaded to change my own theological perspectives. I’m not convinced God and theology can fit nicely into a small package. I’m willing to live with the tension of seeing that Scripture teaches both God’s sovereign choice and man’s free will, and both a limited and unlimited atonement. While I understand Reformed theology better, I’m still dispensational in my understanding and leanings.

Disclosure: I received this book free from Baker Books through the Baker Books Bloggers [...]. The opinions I have expressed are my own, and I was not required to write a positive review. I am disclosing this in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission’s 16 CFR, Part 255 [...]

Most Christians have heard of Reformed theology. Most think they have a good handle on it. But experience has shown me that few really know it as well as they think they do. And that goes for people who claim to be Reformed as much as those who do not. This cannot be said of R.C. Sproul. Not only does Sproul have an amazingly broad but detailed grasp of Reformed theology, but he has also been gifted with the ability to explain complex theology in a way that is both interesting and understandable. That is no common gift.

What Is Reformed Theology?, which was formerly published under the more obscure title Grace Unknown, is Sproul's attempt to help others understand the basics of Reformed theology. Surprisingly, only fifty percent of the book is dedicated to a discussion of the Five Points. The first half provides the foundations for Reformed theology which so many similar books have overlooked. Without first understanding the foundations, the reader will have a much more difficult time understanding the Five Points. And so Sproul begins by discussing God's sovereignty; the importance of Scripture as the only infallible rule for our faith; faith alone; Christ's threefold office of Prophet, Priest and King; and Covenant Theology. Each of these is explained in detail, yet with sufficient precision that they are simple enough to understand.

The second half of the book is an examination of the Five Points of Calvinism: Total Depravity, Unconditional Election, Limited Atonement, Irresistible Grace and Perseverence of the Saints. Like many other theologians, Sproul has come to see that this acrostic, while helpful, does as much to obscure the points as it does to clarify them. Sproul prefers to speak of Radical Corruption, Sovereign Choice, Purposeful Atonement, Effective Calling and Preservation of the Saints. These terms do much to clarify common misunderstandings. For example, it is easy to assume from the term "Total Depravity" that Reformed Christians believe humans are exactly as evil and depraived as they could be - their depravity is total. Yet Reformed theology teaches that while humans are corrupt, and even radically corrupt, they are so in extent, not in degree. Depravity extends to every aspect of the person, but thanks to the grace of God the degree may be more or less.

I must note that as helpful as this book is, it is not one to give your unsaved friend. Sproul assumes knowledge of the Bible and of Christian theology. Even a young Christian may have a difficult time wrestling with some of the terms and concepts. It is ideal, though, for the Reformed believer who is seeking to clarify his beliefs or for the non-Reformed Christian who wants to understand what Reformed theology is all about.

Accessible, biblical and educational, this is one of the best books I have read on the subject, and it just so happens that I have read quite a few. Sproul has done Christianity a service by so clearly articulating the foundations and beliefs of Reformed theology. Needless to say, I give it my recommendation.

R.C. Sproul’s What is Reformed Theology? has already become a classic introductory text to the basics of reformed theology. Sproul has a gift for being able to be scholarly but also very pastoral at the same time. This book rests on the shoulders of men like John Calvin, and Martin Luther. In the first half of the book Sproul lays the foundation for reformed theology. The second half of the book lays out the famous five points of Calvinism. All in all, Sproul’s work combines thorough thinking with clarity and brevity. Coming in at only a little over 250 pages, this book is great for someone looking to better understand Calvinism, or someone who knows reformed theology but wants a fresh reminder of God’s truth.

I first read this book under its original title "Grace Unknown" over a decade ago when I wanted to learn more about "Calvinism". I found this book to be an excellent basic introduction to the topic. Many of the misconceptions I had about Calvinism were cleared up when I read this work. Some have complained that there is a lack of substantial scripture references within the book, but I believe the purpose of the book is to explain Reformed Theology rather than to defend Reformed Theology. Keeping this in mind, R C Sproul was successful in communicating to the laymen the basics of Reformed Theology, and therefore I gave the book 5 Stars.

For those who want to continue to increase their understanding of the mechanics of Reformed Theology, I recommend "Faith Alone" and "Essential Truths of the Christian Faith", both by R C Sproul. Another good book on the subject is "The Five Points of Calvinism: Defined, Defended, Documented" by David N. Steele, Curtis C. Thomas, and S. Lance Quinn.

What is Reformed Theology? That really is a deep, honest question that has been lost in the majority report of evangelicals of the western world. While Sproul deals with the basics of Calvin's teachings, he also helps the reader see how the Reformed Theology flows from within the Scripture to form a matrix by which we read each book, each verse, each doctrine, and each truth of Scripture. An excellent introduction (and should be used alongside R. C. Sproul's DVD series by the same title). Sproul and others have helped us see past the titles of Arminian, Pelagian, Calvinism, et al and begin to see the golden threads of biblical understanding that have been a part of Christian instruction since the time of Augustine. Definitely a volume to devour several times. Each reading unveils more and more of the profound truth of doctrines that liberated the church in the early 16th Century. Get it and use it!

R.C. Sproul brings years of instructional experience into this book, explaining various aspects of Reformed theology in ways that are not rushed and yet include all of the information needed to have a firm grasp of Reformed theology. The book could be used as a primer for a seminary education, but does not come across as a dry and dusty tome. It is extremely well-balanced, explaining the why's as much as the what's of theology.

For example, when discussing the fundamental differences between Roman Catholic theology and the theology of the Reformation, Sproul goes to great lengths to make sure we understand what Rome did and did not teach and what teachings were and were not authorized by Rome. The differences highlighted in the book are actually quite subtle and are very well explained in this book.

Missing from the Roman Catholic formula for justification is the crucial word alone. It is not an exaggeration to say that the eye of the Reformation tornado was this one little word.

-Page 66.

As the five solas are examined, the word "by" is also highlighted as an essential element. I have centered my attention on the main words such as "Fide" or "Scriptura" since this theology was introduced to me, but Sproul was able to explain the solas in such a way that each word is vital to our understanding of the corresponding disagreement between Rome and the Reformers.

Throughout the very generous first half of the book, Sproul was a model of one who defends truth in a spirit of love. There were many sections I felt compelled to read twice, just to take in his explanation of Catholic and Protestant doctrinal differences. These are responses worth modeling when discussions with Catholic apologists wish to discuss justification among other matters. It's not just a matter of mimicking the words used by Sproul, but the very loving way in which these matters of protest are presented.

Each of the five points of the TULIP are well defined and well defended, both for what they mean and also what they are often mistaken to mean. I took a great amount of interest in how they would be described by a respected professor of systematic theology and apologetics. Sproul did not disappoint to answer the most common objections to each of the five points, and did so again with a loving heart. I can only say this based on the tone of his responses in the book, and it serves as a wonderful example of how well this man expresses both the facts that may not be welcome to all ears and the love that must drive a servant of Christ if one is to honor our treasure.

I never thought I'd do this, but I believe I will use the dedication that R.C. Sproul used at the beginning of the book to help me close this review.

To Jim Seneff: A layman who embraces Reformed theology, loves Reformed theology, and lives Reformed theology.

After reading this book, I have a clearer understanding of what it means to live Reformed theology. A religion can be embraced and even loved on a certain level, but it takes a theology, a deeper understanding of God, for one to live according to their faith where it truly matters. That place is the heart, and Reformed theology fully endorses a change of the heart that the desires of man will follow.

Being a non-Reformed person, I have always wanted a clear explanation of the Reformed viewpoint without a lot of the theological jargon. I found it in this wonderful book by R.C. Sproul. He explains the foundations of Reformed theology and the 5 Points of Reformed Theology.

The chapters in this book are as follows:

Part 1 Foundations of Reformed Theology

1 Centered on God

2 Based on God's Word Alone

3 Committed to Faith Alone

4 Devoted to the Prophet, Priest and King

5 Nicknamed Covenant Theology

Part 2 5 Points of Reformed Theology

6 Humanity's Radical Corruption

7 God's Sovereign Choice

8 Christ's Purposeful Atonement

9 The Spirit's Effective Call

10 God's Preservation of the Saints

R.C. Sproul explains with very clear text and helpful charts all the essentials of Reformed theology -- TULIP, covenant theology, God's Sovereignty, Limited Atonement, etc. This helped me so much to get a good overview and understanding of the essentials of Reformed Theology. Highly recommended!!

In simple words, this is a wonderful book. It will serve to straighten out a lot of mixed up Christians who, through little fault of their own, wind up with a disjointed view of Scripture and a serious misunderstanding of their own salvation, because they don't have a foundation in the fundamentals of Biblical doctrine.

This book teaches orthodoxy as clearly and eloquently as I've ever read it or heard it preached. It's fair to say that the language is crafted, since Sproul has taught the subject in seminary for decades, and is completly familiar with the topic. His arguments are logical and well organized; they flow from premise to conclusion with such clarity that a novice can grasp the argument the first time through.

This book makes my short list of must haves, both for it's impact and concise delivery in only 216 pages. Actually, its a masterpiece because it delivers exactly what its title advertises. If you have struggled to understand the Bible and the Gospel message, and just can't put the pieces together for an effective witness, step back, turn the T.V. ministry off, put aside the half baked theology of easy believism and man centered gospels, and return to the truths the Reformers burned at the stake to re-establish.

As Michael Horton has said, "I always agree with R.C." I would also tend to agree with him. Theologically R.C. Sproul is right on. I enjoyed this book to due its easy reading and short length. It lays out the Reformed Doctrine in a manageable fashion, as well as giving a good introduction to five point Calvinism, with opposing Pelagian and Armenian views.

I do take issue with the work which is seriously lacking exegetical support for all the doctrine laid out. I would suggest this book as helpful but neither sufficient for anyone desiring to learn the basics of Reformed Theology or students and pastors who want to use it as source material.

Like I said, I enjoy the relatively small size of the book, but that is precisely the problem - it is just to small to be a catch-all source for the Reformed tradition. Though I don't suspect it was meant to be.

The first section had terminology that was hard to understand. In the back, there is a glossary to figure out all of those terms. Chapter 5 was very confusing to me. The second section on TULIP did make sense. The author used more scripture references in that part. The arguments made were sound. However, throughout the book, the author references other writers more often than the Bible. That may bother some. It bothered me, for I was looking for a more scripture-based explanation of Reformed theology.

I purchased this book to begin a study of Reformed Theology, and on the whole was not dissapointed. Dr. Sproul is very clear and engaging as a writer, and it is easy to understand.

My dissapointment comes with the 2nd part of the book, where he discusses Calvinism. He tends at times to obfuscate the meaning of the more objectional doctrines (Unconditional Election, Irresistible Grace) so that it doesn't seem so harsh, as is the typical objection to Calvinism. Also, he paints all semi-pelagians in a heretical light.

A good introductory text on Reformed Theology (which is more than Calvinism). All Christians will benefit from reading this, not just those in the Reformed camp.

Great read

I just finished a class on Theology with this book. Great book to study the Reforme Theology. Big problem is that after the class I started to read another by Dr. Sproul,Grace Unknown. Guess what, it is the same book! Called Bakerbooks and was told that they some times change the name of a book when they print the book the second time. I told them that I said that to me that was unchristian. They said that they hoped that I would still by their books. Maybe,maybe not.

Mr.Sproul makes a clear distinction between the theology of the Roman Catholic Church and the Reformed Church. The Reformed church is not a denomination but a true interpretation of the Bible, the most important book written. He clearly lays out point by point the differences which are understandable. God has penned his message by chosen men and women. Man and the church want to interpret it to fit their view which puts man in bondage to the church instead of looking to God. It's faith alone and the grace of God not man that is the Way, and the Truth.

Bob Ostrich

Having not been intimate with 5 point Calvinism for about 30 years, I really needed to read up on what Calvinists are saying today. This was a great refresher read for me. It is basic, and I think, written for those not well acquainted with Calvinism. And that is just what I needed.

Ten women in a PCA church are monthly discussing the contents. Not an easy read but a great one. It is a good review of theology.especially if you come from a reformed tradition but if not it explains a lot of things- especially the differences between Catholic and Protestant views.

Disclaimer: while this review is critical in nature, it’s not my place to judge Sproul’s motives, sincerely, or faith. All believers will stand before Jesus Christ soon to give an account —starting with myself. The critical standard applied to Mr. Sproul’s book should be equally applied to my review based on the Word of God.
The very name “Jesus” means that Yahweh saves. Your theological framework determines what this means. Sproul would limit the meaning to only the elect. A non-Calvinist sees Jesus as “… the Savior of all people, especially of those who believe” (1 Timothy 4:10, (ESV). Therefore, one’s theology influences their views of God, man, salvation, etc.
Reformed Theology is a theological system that’s an overlay over God’s Word. It’s built on five pillars (TULIP) that are read into God’s Word. In distinction, God’s Word should determine our theology —not a pre-defined theological arrangement.
1 John 2:1 says, “He is the propitiation for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world.” Sproul resorts to eisegesis (reading into the text) to bypass a plain, contextual, grammatical interpretation. He looks through Calvinist glasses and suggests that the word “our” (sins), “could refer to Jewish believers.” (Sproul, 2005, Kindle edition, location 2445). Sproul needs to learn the abc’s of biblical interpretation and stop reading Calvinistic theology into the text (eisegesis). The Bible should define our doctrine —but Reformed Theology defines the Bible for its adherents.
Sproul asserts that Reformed theology is “based on God’s Word alone.” (location 504, chapter 2 title). But his book includes more space dedicated to extra biblical quotes than to God’s Word! Further, John Calvin is mentioned at least 103 times, Martin Luther at least 90 times, and Augustine is found 38 times. Sproul’s claim that calvinism is “based on God’s Word alone” is untrue!
In chapter 9, Sproul wrote his defense of irresistible grace and only used one Bible passage to make his case (John 11:38-46). The account of Lazarus here, doesn’t teach irresistible grace. The rest of the Scripture references in the chapter are quotes from others: Martin Luther (1 Corinthians 12:6), and Zane Hodges (Revelation 22:17; 1 John 5:12, 20; Colossians 1:27); Note: Zane Hodges used these verses to argue against Sproul.
So where does Sproul get his authority outside of Scripture for the false teaching that the unregenerate are incapable of responding in faith to the Holy Spirit’s call (grace) in their life? (John 12:32; Luke 13:34, etc.). He appeals to Martin Luther, John Calvin, Ulrich Zwingli, Martin Bucer, Packer, Johnston, Westminster Confession of Faith, Augustine, etc.
Calvinism is not the historical Christianity of the early New Testament church. An examination of Apostolic Fathers before Augustine of Hippo (354-430) yields Arminian writings (non-Calvinist).
Augustine of Hippo lived about 400 years after Pentecost. He was an outstanding apologist —but for the Roman Catholic Church! In fact, he is sometimes called “the Father of Roman Catholicism.” He’s associated with several false doctrines.
Augustine taught in the sinless, perfection of Mary. He wrote, “For from Him [Lord] we know what abundance of grace for overcoming sin in every particular was conferred upon her [Mary] who had the merit to conceive and bear Him who undoubtedly had no sin.” (Augustine, on Nature and Grace, chapter 42).
Augustine called Christians who denied that Mary remained a virgin as heretics: “Heretics called anti-diacoMarianites are those who contradict the perpetual [never ending] virginity of Mary and declare that after Christ was born she was joined as one with her husband” (Augustine, Heresies 56).
Augustine affirmed other false doctrines. These include prayers for the dead, infant baptism, and the supreme authority of the Catholic Church.
Augustine laid the groundwork for the popular doctrine today known as eternal security. John Calvin and others refined Augustine’s views into a theological system.
Sproul in his books calls Augustine and other Reformers as “great theologians” of the faith (location 471). Later he calls them “magisterial (Kindle dictionary definition: “having or showing great authority”) reformers.” (location 2729).
Martin Luther is another “great” theologian of Reformed Theology according to Sproul. But please know that Luther’s hatred towards the Jewish people was horrific. Please “Google”, “Luther, Jews” if you can stomach the truth. Secondly, Luther perverted the Scriptures by claiming the book of James was “a Gospel of straw.” (Martin Luther, “Preface to New Testament,” Works of Martin Luther, vol. 6, Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1982, 439). For the book of Hebrews he wrote that it contained “wood, straw or hay mixed in with them” and “we cannot put it on the same level with the apostolic epistles.” (Preface to New Testament, Works of Martin Luther, vol. 6, Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1982, 439).
A difficult verse for Calvinists is 1 Timothy 2:3-4: “This is good, and it is pleasing in the sight of God our Savior, who desires all people to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth”. So what does Sproul pen regarding this verse? He remains mute —yet his silence is no match for the Holy Spirit of God who affirms the truth of God’s Word.
Another objection to this book is the amount of man-made arguments imposed to “prop up” Reformed Theology. Dear believer, the Bible in context is the ONLY standard for the formation of church doctrine. Be cautious of teachers whose doctrines are sustained by human arguments and opinions. Let’s cover a few instances.
Sproul writes, “If God sent Christ to save everyone [non-Calvinist view], then he must remain eternally dissatisfied with the results. Though the Son may receive satisfaction from knowing that some have availed themselves of his atonement, his satisfaction must be partial because so many have not.” (location 2311). Sproul’s argument is at the expense of GOD whom he indirectly ridicules. He falsified GOD into a god who does not even know the future, and when everyone is not saved, he seems displeased with his atonement. This is a perversion of God who is omniscience, died for all people (1 Timothy 2:6; Hebrews 2:9; John 3:16: 1 John 2:2; 2 Corinthians 5:15, etc.), and a misrepresentation of non-Calvinists.
Sproul writes, “If faith is necessary to the atonement, then Christ’s work was indeed a mere potentiality. In itself it saves no one. It merely makes salvation possible. Theoretically we must ask the obvious question, What would have happened to the work of Christ if nobody believed in it? That had to be a theoretical possibility. In this case Christ would have died in vain. He would have been a potential Savior of all but an actual Savior of none.” (location 2302).
The quote above contains more disrespect directed at God and towards non-Calvinists. Sproul goes into unrealistic territory and inaccurately portrays God as a non-omniscience, “potential Savior.” Just because God requires faith in over 100 salvation verses, Sproul feels justified to take a swing at Christ’s work on the cross and calls it a “mere potentiality.“
On perseverance, Sproul is correct that endurance is required, but incorrect that endurance is guaranteed. Sproul is right that some who leave the faith were never saved, but mistaken that all who leave the faith were never saved.
His first passage is Matthew 24:13. This passage teaches the importance of enduring, but also warns believers to endure to be saved. Sproul misses “the trees in the forest” by not seeing the warning to persevere. A mother warns her child to not cross the street because the child can die. We should take the many warning passages as true or we should not take the Bible as real. We believe it as written or we are spiritually blind and self-deceived.
The second passage used is 2 Peter 1:10-12. Many well intending Calvinists have hijacked this passage. These were genuine believers who were sure of their salvation (vs. 1, 4). Paul wrote: “Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to confirm your calling and election, for If [conditional] you practice these qualities [vs. 5-7:] you will never fall [This is why he is writing!].”
For proof that all true believers today are guaranteed to stay in the faith, Sproul misleadingly writes, “Scripture is replete with examples of believers who fell into grievous sin, such as David and Peter. Though their fall was dreadful, it was neither full nor final.” (location 2902). What a hollow argument. What about the many who did not repent and return to the faith? And why can’t Sproul go to Scripture and use passages in context for proof?
Another premise is that since some people make a spurious profession of faith, therefore, all who depart the faith were unsaved (location 2912). Some were never saved —but Sproul must prove that all who leave the faith were never saved (as Calvinists sincerely & wrongly believe). He appeals to the Parable of the Sower as proof; but upon closer examination this parable proves him wrong.
This parable (Matthew 13:1-23; Mark 4:3-20; Luke 8:4-15) has four soils. The first soil represents unbelievers: (“the devil comes …so that they may not believe and be saved”; Luke 8:12). Please observe that “believe” = “saved” for this parable.
The second soil represents those who “believe for a while” (“But these have no root; they believe for a while, and in time of testing fall away”; Luke 8:13). Calvinists may claim this plant never lived because it had no root. But this seed came to life (“believed for a while”) and when the trials of life came (“time of testing”) they “fall away”. According to Greek English Lexicon of the New Testament, the Greek definition of “fall away” means to “go away, withdraw” (Bauer and Danker, 2001, page 158). It’s impossible to “go away, withdraw” unless one was there beforehand.
The third soil represents genuine believers (formerly) who spiritually die before their fruit matures (“as they go on their way they are choked by the cares and riches and pleasures of life, and their fruit does not mature”; Luke 8:14). A seed has to germinate into a plant for it to produce fruit. This plant grew and died before the fruit matured. Once again, a genuine plant died which illustrates spiritual death. When we “compare Scripture with Scripture” we find many other passages that substantiate this reality.
The most famous passage for apostasy from Jesus is probably John 15:1-11. Some additional warning passages are 1 Corinthians 15:2; Hebrews 3:6; 12-19; Colossians 1:21-23; 2 Peter 2; Jude, etc.
Sproul calls the faith of soils “spurious” (probably for the second and third soils), then writes, “Into this category we can readily assign Judas (Jesus declared that he was of the devil from the beginning) and those about whom John says this: . . . They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us …” (location 2912).
Jesus did not declare to Judas, “that he was of the devil from the beginning” (location 2912). This is a lie used by some eternal security promoters. Jesus did declare, “But there are some of you who do not believe [present tense, ongoing].” (For Jesus knew from the beginning who those were who did not believe [ongoing], and who it was who [Judas] would betray him.)” (John 6:64).
Judas may have initially believed (see John 17:12; Acts 1:17). But even if he was never saved, it isn’t proof that all believers will persevere or they were never saved.
Sproul quoted 1 John 2:19-25 —in essence claiming that those who leave our churches “went out from us” were never saved; thereby all genuine believers will persevere. Here is the passage: “They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us”. (1 John 2:19).
The notion that every person who leaves our churches “went out from us” are unsaved is not supported exegetically. First, doctrines for the church are based on multiple passages —not from one in isolation. Secondly, John is not stating that everyone who departs the church is unsaved. We can surely agree that people leave our churches for a variety of reason, but not that they were all unsaved. We would have to stay in the same church our entire lives to be saved. Clearly, John is not establishing a new doctrine for the church, but just stating a fact that happened.
Many Calvinist are inconsistent (double standard) because they teach from this passage (like Sproul) that the unregenerate depart from us for the sake of their theology —but don’t apply this to their own churches.
Sproul appeals to Philippians 1:3-6 for support. He writes, “Note that Paul puts the stress on God not on man when he says that ‘He who has begun a good work for you will complete it.‘” (location 2943). Sproul left off the other side of the story where these believers must yield to God in ongoing faith. Paul went on to commanded them: “Therefore, my beloved, as you have always obeyed, so now, not only as in my presence but much more in my absence, work out [Greek imperative is a command; it is in the present tense here; “keep on working out” is the idea] your own salvation with fear and trembling, for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure” (Philippians 2:12-14). Why is Paul commanding them to persevere if it’s involuntary as Sproul claims?
Calvinists love to point out God’s faithfulness (He is faithful!) but believers can become unfaithful: “but Christ is faithful over God’s house as a son. And we are his house if [conditional; author is not joking] indeed we hold fast our confidence and our boasting in our hope.” (Hebrews 3:6).
Sproul writes, “What God begins he finishes.” (location 2943). God starts many works and some were never finished because of man’s unbelief and unfaithfulness. God led over a million Israelites out of Egypt. He performed a great work with signs and wonders. The Israelites were faithful to place blood on their door posts. But what happened to most of these people who God began a work in their lives? The book of Hebrews has the answer:
“For we have come to share in Christ, if indeed we hold our original confidence firm to the end. As it is said, “Today, if you hear his voice, do not harden your hearts as in the rebellion.” For who were those who heard and yet rebelled? Was it not all those who left Egypt led by Moses? And with whom was he provoked for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose bodies fell in the wilderness? And to whom did he swear that they would not enter his rest, but to those who were disobedient? So we see that they were unable to enter because of unbelief.” (Hebrews 3:14-19).
Next, Sproul takes his readers to Romans 8:31-36 and goes on to writes, “Paul is amplifying the general statement he made earlier, that nothing can separate us from the love of God that is ours in Christ Jesus.” (location 2964). Sproul left out that these promises are conditional. In context, the conditional chain link starts in verse 28 by those who love God in the present. The Bible only has meaning in context for the establishment of church doctrine.
Sproul interprets the Scriptures with one eye opened to the sovereignty of God and his vision fails with the other eye to see the conditional requirement of obedient faith. Typically, non-Calvinists interpret with both eyes opened and see the sovereignty of God and the free will of man from Genesis to Revelation.
A God who remains sovereign while giving man a free will is greater than the God of Calvinism who must ordain everything in advance to remain sovereign. Sproul writes, “He knows all things that will happen because he ordains everything that does happen.” (location 2374).
Chapter seven is titled, “God’s Sovereign Choice.” Sproul believes that those who are unconditionally elect are irresistibly drawn to God. Because the pillars of Reformed theology are not supported by an exegetical interpretation of Scripture, Sproul resorts to other means as proof.
One example is John 6:44, where Jesus says, “No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me DRAWS him. And I will raise him up on the last day”. The word “draw” in this verse is devastating to the Calvinistic notion that the elect are forcefully and unconditionally compelled to salvation.
Sproul claims that the Kittle Theological Dictionary of the New Testament defines “draw” (ἕλκω) “to compel by irresistible superiority.” (location 2116). But Sproul apparently made up “irresistible superiority.‘ which is not found in the definition”. Since most readers of his books don’t own theological dictionaries, Sproul may of thought he could get away with it. Spraul has been “called out” on some book reviews on the store for his deception on this verse. Not one Greek Lexicon that I could find backs up this definition. Further, the same Greek word is used in John 12:32, “And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.” If Sproul was consistent, he would have to claim that everyone will be saved (universalism).

Thanks for reading this review. If you are interested, more book reviews are found on my website under my profile. Your feedback is welcome ?

Even Santa Claus is Catholic. It's about time for Sproul to return to the true faith of Christ in the Catholic Church rather than to continue spouting his Calvinist jibber jabber.
And, no, I didn't read the book. I'm just very familiar with Sproul's anti-Church attitude.
Extra ecclesiam nulla salus.

Every believer of The Lord Jesus Christ should take the time to read this book- I don't care if you have been a Christian for decades, are a new believer, or are just curious about The Faith- Mr Sproul has written a classic piece to make us understand the purposes of The Reformation and helps expand what we believe- He goes from foundational truths to some more advanced truths including the five points of Calvinism- He does an espially fine job of explaining the sovereign grace of God, including the topics of election and predestination- If you read one book this year, I would recommend that this is the one!!!!

What Is Reformed Theology? Understanding the Basics by R. C. Sproul is an introductory book on Reformed theology. It was originally published in 1997 and has sold over 100,000 copies. The book talks about the foundation of Reformed thought, as well as the five points of Reformed theology – which are Humanity’s Radical Corruption, God’s Sovereign Choice, Christ’s Purposeful Atonement, The Spirit’s Effective Call, and God’s Preservation of Saints. A nice thing about the book is that it focuses on Reformed theology as a whole instead of specifically discussing Calvinism.

The book is well organized, and it is a valuable resource for both Reformed Christians as well as those who are not in the Reformed camp. Because Sproul is a Calvinist, the book is obviously going to be in favor of Reformed thought; readers who would like to see an opinion from the Arminianism side might check out Against Calvinism by Roger E. Olson.

*Received this book for review*